boyle



(No Model.)

3 YSheets-Sheet 1. R. K. BOYLE.

TELEGRAPH.

Patented May 19, 1885.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2. R. K. BOYLE.

TELEGRAPH.

(No Model.)

Patented May 19, 1885.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets- Sheet 3.

R. K. BOYLE.

TELEGRAPH. No. 318,345. jig f Patented May 14585.

E @d E Ed, gli E E d E d Lr-l-*a l 1L- g,5' il 52 71622766666, c l IWVGPWT, 1 7530-5 91T-11130916 UNITED STATES PATENT ()EEicEO ROBERT KIRK BOYLE, OF LlVEllPOOL, ENGLAND.

TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 318,345, dated May 19, 1885.

Application iled June 2|, 1594. (Yo model.) luicnied in England May 7, ISH, No.

T0 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, ROBERT Kruit BovLE, electrician, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Liverpool, England, have invented a new and useful Method of and A pparatus for Facilitating the Use of Electric Currents for rlelegraphic Purposes, (for which l. have applied for provisional protection iu Great Britain on the 7th day of May, 1884, No. 7,375,) of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompaA nying drawings.

My invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for facilitating the use of electric currents for telegraphic operations, and is designed to provide means whereby very considerable advantages may be obtained in respect to such operations as compared with the means heretofore employed for effect-ing the same purposes.

My improved apparatus or instrument is constructed upon a distinct and novel principle, whereby the following advantages (anion g others) are obtained-that is to say:

First. An instrument made according to my invention causes suc-h a very inconsiderable resistance in the circuit that a large number of instruments may be arranged in combination with one line-wire without adding very perceptibly to the amount of resistance existing in the line itself. It will be apparent that this is a considerable practical advantage under all circumstances, and more especially in the case of long lines in which there are many stations.

Secondly. 'the use of my invention enables me to dispense entirely with the costly relay instruments heretofore employed, as it will fulfill all the purposes of a relay in a very simple manner.

Thirdly. By my invention the readj ustment necessary in instruments as heretofore used, by reason of atmospheric or other causes, is rendered unnecessary, as my instruments remain entirely unaffected by such causes, and are at all times in condition to operate efficiently.

Fourthly. The speed of transmission is increased as compared with methods and instruments heretofore used.

Fifthly. One apparatus will serve for use with from one to twenty or more line-wires.

My said invention comprises the employment of a direct electrical conductor passing through a magnetic field in such a manner that when a current from a linewire passes through the conductor the said conductor will close a local circuit, in which are included a battery aud a receiving instrument, and when such current ceases to pass the said conductor will open the said circuit. By these means the said receivinginstrument can be operated by means of the said local battery by an operator at a distant station.

My said invention also comprises improved apparatus for effecting this result.

In the accompanying drawings l. have shown how my said invention may be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of apparatus made according to my said invention, and also a diagram of its connections with the line-wires and with the receiving-instruments. Fig. 2 is a section on theline .c x, Fig. l.. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of part of an electro-magnet lmade according to my invention. Figs. et to 6 show various details of the said apparatus.

Likeletters indicate the same parts through out the drawings.

A is the base of the apparatus, which may be of wood or other suitable material.

B is a standard or support, of wood, ebonite, or other suitable non-conducting or insulating material, which is xed to the base A, and to which is secured a metal strip, C.

D is another standard or support, also fixed to the base A., and made of metal, except when required for use at a way-station-that is to say, a station where there is no earth-connection-in which case this standard or support must be of wood or other insulating material, or the wires hereinafter described must be insulated therefrom.

E E are thi n steel or other wires, stretched between the support B and the support l). These wires may be secured to the support I) by passing their ends through holes in the lugs or projections d and winding them around short steel bars d. The said wires are secured to the support B in such a manner that their tension can be regulated. For this purposel insert in the support B screws I), Fig. 6, having milled heads, and each formed with a IOO groove, b, and a perforation, if'. The wire is passed through this perforation, and the screw tension. The screw b is then rigidly secured in the support B by means ofthe nut bi. The wires E are equal in numberto the line-wires F, which are used in connection with the apparatus, and each line-wire F is connected with one ofthe wires E through the screws b in the insulating standard or support B.

G represents an ordin ary tel @graph-post, ea rrying the line-wires. The metallic support D is connected to earth inthe arrangement shown in the drawings; but in the case of a way-station the wires E would bc insulated i'rom the support and so arranged that they would conduct the electric current to the next station.

, screws c as there are wires E, and each ofthe screws c is inserted in a lug or projection, c2, in such a manner that it can be adjusted nearer to or farther from the corresponding spring,

out of contact therewith. u'lade adjustable in the following mannerthat is to say, each of these springs is fixed at one end to a stud, c, Fig. (i, having a screwthreaded extension, which is passed through the support B and secured by a nul', 0*. To

adjust the spring c the nut cl is slackened and l the said spring moved nearer to or farther trom the corresponding wire, ll. and the said nut is then again tightened. The screws c' are electrically connected to the metal strip (e), which is connected to one pole of a local battery, H, by a wire, 7i. The other pole' of the said battery is connected by a wire, It',

through one ofthe sounders I or other reeeiv- Vnet is constructed as follows-that is to say, the two cores, around which the wire is coiled in the usual manner, are united by a metal plate or piece, j', fixed thereto by means of screws or otherwise. Above the coiled portion the metal of each limb is bent inward for a short distance, and then upward, as shown, to form the two polar extensions j, between which the stretched wires pass. A convenient width for this magnet is eighteen inches: but this may be varied according to circumj stances.

Along the entire width olvl the intcrnali'ace ot' each ot' the limbs or polar extensions j, I l'orm a series of deep grooves or corrugations, jg, which may be V-shaped or ot other suitable i`orm, and between each two grooves or corrugations the metal is left with a tlat (or other suitablyshaped) face, j, forming a projection considered with respect to thebaseso the grooves. The two limbs or polar extenl sions stand opposite and are in close proxb is then turned until the wire has the required imity to each other, and the grooves in one limb are opposite to those in the other limb, the surfaces between the grooves being also opposite to each other in the same manner. Each et' the wires E passes between the said limbs or polar extensions in such a position that it lies parallel with and between the iiat or other shaped surfaces or projections thereot'. The ends ofthe wire 7.', wound on this magnet, are connected with the poles oi' alocal battery, K, and are kept so continuously duringthe time the apparatus may bc required to workthat is to say, the magnet is kept continuouslyexcitethand there is at all times,

' when the apparatus is likely to be required,

apowerful magnetic iield between the said limbs or polar extensions. \Vhen a current is sent through either ol" the line-wires F, it traverses the corresponding wire, lfl, and the j result is; that this latter wire is, by the jointi action ot' the magnet and of the line-current, c. One otl the wires l passes immediately i above each ot the springs e, but is normally I The springs c are i depressed, so as to act upon the spring c and canse the same to come into contact with the screw c below the said wire. I

lt' desired. the apparatus maybe so constructed that the upward movement of the wire or its movement in any other direction will cause the said contact. rlhis action at once brings the local battery H, l'or working the soundcrs or other receiving-instruments,

into circuit, and the particular' instrument in connection with this wire is operated. As soon as the line-current ceases to pass, the wire E is released and resumes its original position, so that it is out of contact with the corresponding spring, and the local circuit is broken. lhus the required impulses may be sent for giving the necessary sounds, or i'or operating a pcn or otherwise, the wire being moved up and down or vibratcd at the will ol' the operator at the sending-station.

lt is obvious that by establishing the suitable connections this apparatus may also i'ullill the functions of a relay i'or any purpose in any well-known manner.

It is also obvious that it may be used for working various kinds of indicating apparatussuch, i'or instance, as the ordinary Sounders or apparatus in which a pen or the like is employed, or even i'or apparatus in which the principle ol' utilizing musical notes is adopted.

rlhe apparatus above described is an eilicicnt one,and thebest known to me for utilizing the principle upon which myinvention is based; but it willbe obvious that the said apparatus may be varied in construction without departing from the essential features of the said invention, as above set forth. For example, I may, if desired, use other electri- -eal conductors instead ot' the wires E, which IOL) IlO

IIS

rIhe construction of the magnet may, n1oreover, bevaried in many ways and still be made to serve the purpose of my invention.

In some cases, instead of arranging the circuits in which the sounders orreeeiving-iir struments are located in the manner above described, Iconnect each of the saidinstruments to an arm or piece carrying a contactstud, with which the stretched wire or other conductor is adapted to make contact, and which is attached to the aforesaid wooden support. rI lhe said instrument is also connected to one pole of a local battery, the other pole ot' which is connected with the aforesaid metallic support, and thus with the ends of all the wires attached to this support.

I am aware of the existence ot' a telegraph apparatus in which a gold or silver leat' deflected by a current of electricity passing through it when placed in a magnetic tield has been employed to complete a secondary cirenit in order to work a recording or other instruinent or relay.

I am also aware that it is not new to employ as a means for giving telegraphic signals an electro-magnet through which the line-wire passes, and which is suspended between the poles of permanent or electro magnets in-r eluded in a secondary circuit. Such devices forni no part of my invention. since they do more circuit-controllers therefor controlled by the stretched wires, substantially as described.

2. In a telegraph apparatus, the combination of a magnet having polar extensions corrugated or grooved on their opposing faces, a series ol' line-wires or continuations of linewires stretched in the magnetic field between the polar extensions, and a secondary or local circuit containing receiving or recording apparatus, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I haveherennto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Y IOI-ERT KIRK BOYLE. iVitnessesx J. Wi-rrr,

.TorrN DEAN,

BotiQf 17 G-rcceclmrch Street, London. 

